目的: 揭示基本医疗保险对家庭慈善捐赠支出的激励效应与影响机制。方法: 利用2010—2022年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据,使用双向固定效应模型估计基本医疗保险对家庭慈善捐赠支出的影响。结果: 基本医疗保险显著促进了家庭慈善捐赠行为,家庭基本医疗保险参保率每提升1%,家庭慈善捐赠支出增加0.148%。机制分析表明,基本医疗保险主要通过改善健康状况、增加家庭收入、提高生活满意度,促进家庭慈善捐赠行为。对于男性户主、受教育程度较高家庭、城镇家庭和中等收入家庭而言,基本医疗保险对家庭慈善捐赠支出的影响更加显著。结论: 夯实基本医疗保险制度保障功能,构建基本医疗保险与慈善捐赠的协同机制,从基本医疗保险与医疗慈善的制度耦合,探索多层次医疗保障有序衔接机制,充分发挥基本医疗保险对家庭慈善捐赠的激励作用,助力实现共同富裕目标。
Abstract
Objective: The paper attempts to reveal the incentive effect and impact mechanism of basic medical insurance on household charitable donation expenditures. Methods: Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2010 to 2022, a two-way fixed effects model was employed to estimate the effect of basic medical insurance on household charitable donation expenditures. Results: Basic medical insurance significantly promotes household donation behavior. For every 1% increase in the household participation rate in basic medical insurance, household charitable donation expenditures increase by 0.148%. Mechanism analysis indicates that basic medical insurance primarily promotes household charitable donation behavior by improving health status, increasing household income, and enhancing life satisfaction. The effect of basic medical insurance on household charitable donation expenditures is more pronounced for households with male heads, higher educational attainment, urban households, and middle-income households. Conclusion: We should consolidate the safeguard function of the basic medical insurance system, establish a synergy mechanism between basic medical insurance and charitable donations, explore the orderly linkage mechanism of a multi-tiered healthcare security system through the institutional coupling of basic medical insurance and medical charity, give full play to the incentive role of basic medical insurance in household charitable donations, and contribute to the achievement of common prosperity.
关键词
共同富裕 /
基本医疗保险 /
慈善捐赠 /
第三次分配
Key words
common prosperity /
basic medical insurance /
charitable donation /
the third distribution
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“健全多层次保障视角下居民医疗保险筹资与商业健康保险的协同机理、边界厘定与效率评价管理体系研究”（72374114）; 中国医疗保险研究会委托项目“中国医疗保障财政投入的经济绩效研究”; 中国博士后科学基金面上项目“环境目标约束下地方政府居民医疗保险策略性筹资行为及传导效应研究”（2021M700413）
