本文系统性梳理我国真实世界数据在创新医疗技术收费立项及医保准入中的制度建设及实践现状,为其他地区新增价格项目立项、定价及支付提供启示。通过回顾国家层面创新医疗技术收费立项、定价和医保准入政策,梳理典型地区将真实世界数据用于新增价格项目管理做法,分析了将真实世界数据应用于创新医疗技术收费立项、定价、医保准入、支付的逻辑,获得对其他地区优化新增价格项目申报、立项、定价和医保准入管理的启示：推广附条件新增价格申报模式,按承诺达成临床、经济效果先行试行;以常规开展期间形成的真实世界数据为创新医疗技术纳入医保目录提供依据。

This paper systematically reviews the institutional construction and practice of real-world data in charging item initiation and medical insurance admission of innovative medical technologies in China, providing inspiration for the item initiation, pricing, and payment of new price items in other regions. This article reviews the national-level policies on the item initiation, pricing and medical insurance access of innovative medical technology charges, summarizes the practice of typical regions in applying real-world data to the management of new price items, analyzes the logic of applying real-world data to the item initiation, pricing, medical insurance access and payment of innovative medical technology charges, and gains insights for optimizing the application, item initiation, pricing and medical insurance access management of new price items in other regions: promoting the conditional application model for new price items and conducting trials first for those who achieve clinical and economic effects as promised. The formation of real-world data during the regular implementation period can be used to provide a basis for the inclusion of innovative medical technologies in the medical insurance catalogue.