“加快补齐农村养老服务短板”是党的二十届三中全会提出的重大战略部署。本文采用问卷调查和案例访谈,以及第四次、第五次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查公布数据,在梳理我国农村传统养老照护制度变迁的基础上,分析我国农村养老照护面临的问题及挑战,最后提出构建以乡镇卫生院为主体的农村养老照护服务体系：一是鼓励具备条件的乡镇卫生院提供长护服务,补齐农村养老照护服务短板;二是加大部门联动和财政补贴力度,降低乡镇卫生院转型成本;三是加快推进长护险覆盖至全体居民,提高农村长护服务供给能力;四是合理设计长护险和医保支付政策,提高服务供给积极性。
Abstract
"Accelerating the completion of the shortcomings of rural elderly care services" is a major strategic deployment proposed by the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. This article uses questionnaire surveys and case interviews, as well as the data of the fourth and fifth sampling surveys of the living conditions of elderly people in urban and rural areas in China, to analyze the problems and challenges faced by rural elderly care in China, based on the analysis of the changes in China's traditional rural elderly care system. The paper proposes to build a rural elderly care service system with township health centers as the main body. First, encourage qualified township health centers to provide long-term care services and make up for the shortcomings of rural elderly care services. Second, strengthen departmental linkage and financial subsidies to reduce the transformation cost of township health centers. Third, accelerate the coverage of long-term care insurance to all residents and improve the supply capacity of rural long-term care services. Fourth, rationally design long-term care insurance and medical insurance payment policies to improve the enthusiasm for service supply.
关键词
养老照护 /
长护险 /
乡镇卫生院 /
闲置资源
Key words
elderly care /
long-term care insurance /
township health centers /
idle resources
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基金
中国社会科学院“青启计划”项目“中国特色医保支付改革的政策效果：费用控制与资源配置”（2024QQJH100）; 中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划资助（DF2023ZD24）
