目的: 对“两病”门诊用药保障政策实施效果进行综合评价,研究构建政策评价体系。方法: 以三亚为例,基于邓恩公共政策评价标准,构建“两病”门诊用药保障政策评价指标体系,使用层次分析法确定指标权重,利用模糊综合评价法对政策效果做出综合评价。结果: “两病”门诊用药保障政策在效率性（0.435）、回应性（0.442）和适宜性（0.423）维度表现突出,在效果性维度的病情改善（V₄=0.580）和照护压力缓解（V₄=0.488）方面评分相对较低。结论: 本研究构建的政策评价指标体系能够对政策效果做出综合评价,“两病”门诊用药保障政策很大幅度上减轻了患者的用药负担。建议加大宣传力度,提高群众对政策的知晓度和理解水平;加强医疗机构用药管理,提升药品保障水平;构建“技术-人才”双驱动服务,升级政策服务体系。

Objective: The paper attempts to comprehensively evaluate the implementation effect of the outpatient drug reimbursement policy for “two diseases” (hypertension and diabetes) and construct a policy evaluation framework. Methods: Taking Sanya City as a case study, an evaluation index system for the policy was developed based on Dunn’s public policy evaluation criteria. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine indicator weights, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of policy effectiveness. Results: The outpatient drug reimbursement policy for “two diseases” performed prominently in the dimensions of efficiency (0.435), responsiveness (0.442), and appropriateness (0.423). However, it scored relatively lower in effectiveness dimensions for disease condition improvement (V₄=0.580) and caregiving burden alleviation (V₄=0.488). Conclusion: The policy evaluation index system constructed in this study enables a comprehensive assessment of policy effectiveness. The outpatient drug reimbursement policy for “two diseases” has substantially reduced the medication burden for patients. Recommendations include enhancing publicity efforts to improve public awareness and understanding of the policy, strengthening drug management in medical institutions to elevate medication supply capabilities, and establishing a service model driven by technology and personnel to upgrade the policy service system.