目的: 研究瑞典长期护理保障制度,为我国长期护理保障制度的建立和发展提供些许经验借鉴。方法: 根据瑞典政府的政策文件、统计局数据资料,追溯瑞典长期护理保障体系的发展历程,重点梳理其筹资来源、待遇给付和护理服务内容、经办管理机制。结果: 瑞典长期护理保障制度不但实现了全民覆盖,而且服务内容覆盖全面,从居家环境、护理辅助设施、社区服务中心、交通服务、家庭非正式服务提供者、机构护理等方面都提供了良好的资金支持和政策依据,为制度的稳定、持续实施提供了基础。结论: 建议我国适时建立独立的、惠及全民的长期护理保障制度,明晰个人及家庭主体责任,尽快开展长期照护师的培训培养,增加护理服务供给能力,强化服务机构管理,提升护理服务质量,建立自上而下的经办管理机制。

Objective: The paper conducted research on the long-term care security system in Sweden, to provide some experience for the establishment and development of long-term care security system in China. Methods: Based on the policy documents of the Swedish government and the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, this paper traced the development process of the Swedish long-term care security system, analyzed the financing sources, treatment payments, nursing service contents, and management mechanisms. Results: The long-term care security system in Sweden has not only achieved universal coverage, but also comprehensive service coverage, providing good financial support and policy basis in terms of home environment, nursing auxiliary facilities, community service centers, transportation services, informal family service providers, institutional care, providing a foundation for the stable and sustainable implementation of the system. Conclusion: It is suggested establishing an independent and inclusive long-term care insurance security system, clarifying the responsibility of individuals and families, training and cultivating the long-term care practitioners to increase the supply capacity of long-term care services, strengthening the management of long-term care organizations to improve service quality, and establishing a unified national top-down management mechanism.