脱贫攻坚过渡期即将结束,随着医保个人缴费数额不断上升,农村低收入人口参保积极性和可持续问题为我国基本医疗保险全覆盖带来了巨大挑战。本文提出了一种基于国家统计局公开的分组宏观数据快速估计个体收入分布的方法,测算了不同标准下中国农村低收入人口规模,并估算了不同资助方案下医保资助参保所需成本。结果:表明,2023年全国农村低收入人口在7600万人至1.09亿人之间,若对低收入人口医保个人缴费部分全部资助参保,负担在289亿元至413亿元之间;若对低收入人口分类资助参保,负担在119亿元至206亿元之间,占全国一般公共预算中卫生健康支出部分的0.53%~0.92%,约占医保筹资财政补助总额的1.95%~3.39%,约占医疗救助资金支出的15.95%~27.72%。
Abstract
The transition period for poverty alleviation is coming to an end, and with the increasing personal contributions to medical insurance, the enthusiasm and sustainability of rural low-income population's participation in insurance pose huge challenges to the full coverage of basic medical insurance in China. This paper proposes a method to quickly estimate individual income distribution based on grouped macro data published by the National Bureau of Statistics. It estimates the scale of the low-income rural population in China under different standards and calculates the cost required for subsidized medical insurance enrollment under various subsidy schemes. The results indicate that in 2023, the national rural low-income population is approximately between 76 million and 109 million. If the personal medical insurance contributions for the entire low-income population are fully subsidized, the burden would be about between 28.9 billion to 41.3 billion yuan. If subsidies are provided to the low-income population based on categories, the burden would be about between 11.9 billion to 20.6 billion yuan, accounting for 0.53%~0.92% of the health expenditure portion in the national general public budget, about 1.95%~3.39% of the total fiscal subsidies for medical insurance financing and about 15.95%~27.72% of the expenditures on medical assistance funds.
关键词
低收入人口 /
医保覆盖率 /
资助参保 /
医保负担
Key words
low-income population /
medical insurance coverage /
subsidized medical insurance enrollment /
medical insurance burden
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基金
国家医疗保障局委托项目“完善农村低收入人口常态化医疗救助帮扶机制”
