随着我国历史性消除绝对贫困,推动共同富裕成为全面建设社会主义现代化国家的必然要求。重特大疾病医疗保险和救助制度,在减轻困难群众和大病患者医疗费用负担、防范因病致贫返贫发挥了积极作用。随着全民医保实现,救助对象范围扩大,救助保障水平提升,制度在满足困难群众的基本医疗卫生需求,更好实现“病有所医”方面仍存在一些突出困难。2021年10月,《关于健全重特大疾病医疗保险和救助制度的意见》印发,对今后一个时期重特大疾病医疗保险和救助制度做出了总体安排,将进一步夯实全民医疗保障制度托底保障机制,健全防范和化解因病致贫返贫的长效机制。本文探讨制度建设发展历程,分析最新制度改革内容,并对未来进行展望。

With China's historic eradication of absolute poverty, the promotion of common prosperity has become an inevitable requirement for building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. The medical insurance, assistance system for major, serious diseases has played an active role in reducing the burden of medical expenses for the poor, the seriously ill, preventing their return to poverty caused by illness. With the implementation of universal medical insurance, the scope of assistance has been expanded, the level of assistance, security has been improved, however, there are still some outstanding difficulties in the system to meet the basic medical, health needs of the people in need, better achieving "medical care for the sick". In October2021, the "Opinions on Improving the Medical Insurance, Assistance System for Major Diseases" was issued, which made overall arrangements for the medical insurance, assistance system for major diseases in the future, will further consolidate the underlying guarantee mechanism of the universal medical security system, improve the long-term mechanism to prevent, alleviate poverty, returning to poverty due to illness. This paper discusses the development process of institutional construction, analyzes content of the latest institutional reform, explores the future development