健全重特大疾病医疗保险和救助制度,是我国在发展中加强和改善民生的重要举措。当前,该制度还存在救助对象精准锚定难、居民参保缴费应保尽保难、医疗费用待遇保障难、区域间制度协同难、慈善互助和商业健康保险等补充保障发展难等五大挑战。为此,本文建议要从集中攻坚的特惠政策保障过渡到常态帮扶的普惠政策保障,从收入型贫困保障拓展到支出型贫困保障,从粗放管理转向精细化管理等。

To improve the medical insurance and assistance system for major diseases is an important measure to strengthen and improve the people's livelihood with the development of China. At present, the system also faces five major challenges, such as the difficulty in accurately anchoring the target of assistance, the difficulty in ensuring that the residents should be fully insured, the difficulty in ensuring the treatment of medical expenses, the difficulty in inter-regional system coordination, and the difficulty in developing supplementary support such as charity mutual assistance and commercial health insurance. Therefore, this paper suggests that we should transit from the preferential policy of concentrated tackling to the general policy of normalized assistance, expand from guarantee of income poverty to expenditure poverty, and shift from extensive management to fine management.