Objective: The paper attempts to address the challenge of mapping between medical device generic names and medical insurance generic names for medical consumables, and to provide a reference for promoting data interconnection and collaborative governance among the three medical sectors (medical services, medical insurance, and pharmaceuticals). Methods: Taking seven categories of high-value consumables—including implantable cardiac pacemakers and vascular interventional stents—as research subjects, and based on the national medical insurance medical consumables database, we systematically analyzed the differences in rules, practical conflicts, and shared attributes between the two naming systems of healthcare security administrations and medical products administrations, and examined the root causes of issues such as “same product with different names” and “same name with different products”. Results: The study finds that although the two naming systems differ in underlying logic and classification granularity, they share common foundations in terms of homologous basic information, homogeneous evidence for naming, coordinated practices in implementation, and consistent ultimate goals. We propose a “match-when-possible” adaptation pathway and construct differentiated mapping schemes. Conclusions: The mapping between the two naming systems is feasible and has good potential for broader application. It is recommended that the medical products administrations and healthcare security administrations jointly establish a collaborative platform to enable dynamic mapping. This will provide technical support for full-life-cycle management of consumables, precision payment, and cross-departmental governance, and contribute to a new paradigm of Chinese-style collaborative governance of the three medical sectors.