Objective: This study compares the differences of medical institutions and long-term care insurance institutions in service items, prices, and labor costs of nursing and rehabilitation, to provide suggestions and recommendations for improving the pricing mechanism of long-term care services. Methods: Nursing items, prices, and labor costs from 38 medical insurance designated institutions and 29 long-term care insurance designated institutions were analyzed to summarize differences in nursing grading standards, service item classification and content, prices, and labor costs between the two types of institutions. Results: Service prices vary significantly due to different pricing mechanisms: government - guided prices in public hospitals and market - regulated prices in elderly care institutions. Discussions and Suggestions: We should implement a dual mechanism of "payment standard-service price" and guide reasonable pricing of services based on long-term care insurance payment standards, conduct flexible supervision and respect the laws of the long-term care service market, deepen the adjustment of nursing service prices in medical institutions and establish a price linkage mechanism between medical institutions and long-term care insurance institutions, and set graded service standards and strengthen service continuity.