Objective: The paper summarizes the international experience in the construction of a multi-level healthcare security system and provides inspiration for China. Methods: The paper constructs a comparative framework covering financing, payment, management, and benefits, analyzes the models of countries such as the United States, Germany, and Singapore, as well as local pilot practice in China. Result: International experience includes innovation in supplementary insurance, cross level integration, and integration of smart medical insurance. China needs to make efforts in institutional coordination, technological empowerment, and other aspects. Conclusion: It is recommended to use technological empowerment and institutional collaboration as dual drivers to build a fair, efficient, and sustainable multi-level system with Chinese characteristics.
Key words
multi-level healthcare security /
localization of international experience /
institutional coordination /
policy innovation
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