Objective: In the context of low fertility, based on the theoretical framework of the inclusive development perspective, the paper explores the current status of the children's healthcare security system and identify the system optimization path, to relieve the pressure of childbirth and promote the high-quality development of children's healthcare security through field surveys within Jiangsu Province. Methods: A mixed research method was adopted, that is, structured interviews were conducted with medical insurance authorities and medical insurance departments of children's hospitals in Suzhou City, Yangzhou City, and Huai'an City, and questionnaire surveys were conducted in the survey area. The Ordered Logistic model based on the Anderson model was used for data analysis. Results: The empirical results show that the evaluation of insurance costs has a significant positive impact on the evaluation of the children's healthcare security policy, the evaluation of the meeting medical needs significantly affects the evaluation of the children's healthcare security policy, the evaluation of healthcare security policy perception significantly affects the evaluation of the children's healthcare security policy. Conclusion: The policy optimization should focus on adjusting the structure of insurance premiums and weighting medical insurance outpatient benefits, improving the coverage of medical insurance publicity with various methods, appropriately expanding the proportion of children's drugs in the medical insurance catalog, ensuring the sustainable development of the basic medical insurance fund, promoting the medical insurance policies supporting children, and effectively improving the effectiveness of the children's healthcare security system.