Objective: The paper analyzes the implementation of national medical insurance negotiation drugs from the perspective of drug supply, finds the problems and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions. Methods: The national supply data of 388 negotiated drugs in the agreement period announced by the national medical insurance service platform were collected, and the indicators such as the number of varieties, the supply rate and the availability rate of negotiated drugs in designated medical institutions were analyzed from the perspectives of different regions, institution types, disease fields, drug dosage forms, and negotiation batches. Results: More than 50% of the drugs covered more than 30 provinces and more than 50% of prefecture-level cities, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province were better supplied, and Xizang Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province were worse supplied. On average, each provincial and prefecture-level city is equipped with 330 and 209 kinds of national negotiation drugs, and the drug supply rate is 85.0% and 53.8%, respectively. The average drug supply rate (49.4%) in third-tier cities and below is much lower than that in first-tier cities (87.3%), and that in non-provincial capitals (51.5%) is much lower than that in provincial capitals (80.3%). The average number of retail pharmacies covering oral dosage forms, chronic disease drugs and rare disease drugs is higher than that of medical institutions. The average availability rate of national negotiation drugs in tertiary hospitals across the country is very low, i.e 10.2%. The availability rate of oncology drugs, injectable drugs, and the first national negotiation drugs in 2018 are higher than other types of national negotiation drugs in tertiary hospitals. The average availability of drugs for rare diseases was lower in tertiary hospitals and rare disease collaboration network hospitals (3.2% and 12.8%, respectively). Conclusion: There are differences among varieties, diseases and regions in the implementation of national negotiation drugs. The paper will discuss in detail from the perspectives of retail pharmacy supply, clinical use in medical institutions, and enterprise promotion, and propose countermeasures and suggestions in order to continuously optimize the supply of national negotiation drugs.