Objective: This paper analyzes the current status of national negotiated drug in L Province, and evaluates the implementation effect of national negotiated drug policy in L Province, in order to provide valuable empirical reference and experience for the optimization and improvement of national negotiated drug policy. Methods: The implementation effect of L Province's national negotiated drug policy in 2023 is evaluated from three aspects: negotiation effectiveness, accessibility and affordability, and the analysis is conducted from the four dimensions of different times, different regions, different diseases and typical drugs to explore the implementation characteristics of national negotiated drug policy in L Province. Results: In 2023, the negotiation success rate of national negotiated drug reaches 82.31%, the average price reduction reaches 60.10%, and the equipment rate of national negotiated drug in L Province reaches 96.53%. For patients, the out-of-pocket ratio, the average cost per time and the average out-of-pocket cost per time are 36.25%, 442.11 yuan and 160.27 yuan respectively. Discussion: It is recommended that medical insurance and health departments at all levels collaborate to provide guidance for medical institutions to equip and use national medical insurance negotiated drugs, and improve the accessibility and convenience of drug procurement. Meanwhile, we should continuously carry out tracking and evaluating the implementation effect of national medical insurance negotiated drug policy, and reduce the burden of medication on patients. According to local conditions, each pooling area shall carry out interpretation and publicity of national medical insurance negotiated drug policy to enhance policy awareness.