The transition period for poverty alleviation is coming to an end, and with the increasing personal contributions to medical insurance, the enthusiasm and sustainability of rural low-income population's participation in insurance pose huge challenges to the full coverage of basic medical insurance in China. This paper proposes a method to quickly estimate individual income distribution based on grouped macro data published by the National Bureau of Statistics. It estimates the scale of the low-income rural population in China under different standards and calculates the cost required for subsidized medical insurance enrollment under various subsidy schemes. The results indicate that in 2023, the national rural low-income population is approximately between 76 million and 109 million. If the personal medical insurance contributions for the entire low-income population are fully subsidized, the burden would be about between 28.9 billion to 41.3 billion yuan. If subsidies are provided to the low-income population based on categories, the burden would be about between 11.9 billion to 20.6 billion yuan, accounting for 0.53%~0.92% of the health expenditure portion in the national general public budget, about 1.95%~3.39% of the total fiscal subsidies for medical insurance financing and about 15.95%~27.72% of the expenditures on medical assistance funds.
Key words
low-income population /
medical insurance coverage /
subsidized medical insurance enrollment /
medical insurance burden
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