Objective: The paper analyzes the cross-municipal hospitalization situation, cost and its influencing factors in Dongguan to provide a reference for cities with similar population characteristics. Methods: Based on the hospitalization data of patients from other cities of Guangdong Province who came to Dongguan for medical treatment from 2018 to 2022, descriptive statistical analysis and SPSS software were used to analyze the hospitalization situation in Dongguan. Results: From 2018 to 2022, the number of patients who came to Dongguan for hospitalization increased significantly, tending to be younger. The overall hospitalization expenses were increasing, with a decrease in per capita hospitalization expenses. The age, gender, type of medical insurance, hospital level, and actual reimbursement ratio of patients can significantly affect hospitalization expenses. The reimbursement level of medical insurance for medical treatment in different cities within Guangdong Province varies. Conclusion: Targeted allocation of medical resources should be conducted based on the characteristics of the population seeking medical treatment in different regions and the distribution of their sources, promoting the close integration of medical management service systems with population changes, narrowing the gap between different types of medical insurance, and optimizing the medical security policies of "immigrant cities".