Objective: The paper analyzes the impact of the centralized procurement policy on the number of patients undergoing artificial joint replacement surgery, the total cost per time, the cost of patients per time, and the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement per time, and evaluates the implementation effect of the policy. Methods: Based on the cost data of artificial joint replacement in 29 hospitals above Level II in Anyang City, the paper applies Excel to compare and analyze the effect of artificial joint replacement and the change of cost data before and after centralized purchase. Results: After the centralized procurement policy, the number of patients with artificial hip and knee replacement increased by 50% and 79.41%, respectively, the patient cost decreased by 59.99% and 46.23%, respectively, and the actual reimbursement ratio of both cases increased by 16.76% and 4.16%, respectively. Conclusion: The national centralized procurement policy has a remarkable effect in reducing the medical cost of patients and greatly reduces the medical burden of patients. Public hospitals should play an active role in internal management and promote the sustainable development of the policy.