Objective: By analyzing the perceptions of medical staff, patients about medical insurance fraud, its causes, preventive measures, the paper provides suggestions for improving the regulatory system of medical insurance funds. Methods: Based on the theory, literature, we designed a questionnaire for medical staff, patients, selected a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Beijing to conduct on-site research.300valid questionnaires were returned to analyze the differences between medical staff, patients' perceptions of medical insurance fraud. Results: There is a lack of cognition of medical insurance fraud between doctors, patients. After categorization, analysis, medical insurance fraud includes subjective intentional fraud, objective negligent fraud, the causes of medical insurance fraud include a lack of cognition, decision bias, fines, cancellation of designated medical institutions are consensus on medical insurance fraud prevention measures between doctors, patients. Conclusion: We should strengthen the publicity, education of medical insurance fraud knowledge, improve the awareness of fraudulent behavior of both doctors, patients, eliminate objective negligent fraud. Meanwhile, we should take the law as the criterion to crack down on intentional fraudulent behavior, use the unified platform of information technology to establish intelligent medical insurance, improve the effectiveness of medical insurance supervision