Objective: The paper explores the application effect of anesthesia nursing based on lean management mode in patients with bone tuberculosis surgery and its impact on medical expenses. Methods: A total of 56 patients undergoing bone tuberculosis surgery from December 2019 to May 2022 were selected as subjects, and they were divided into two groups with 28 patients in each group. The control group was given routine anesthesia nursing, and the observation group was given anesthesia nursing based on lean management mode. The quality of anesthesia recovery, medical expenses and satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results: After nursing, there was no significant difference in spontaneous breathing time between the two groups (P>0.05). Extubation time, fully awake time and stay time in anesthesia resuscitation room in the observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The medical expenses in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the satisfaction score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Anesthesia nursing based on lean management mode for patients undergoing bone tuberculosis surgery can improve the quality of anesthesia recovery, reduce various medical costs, reduce the economic burden of patients' families, and achieve higher satisfaction.